Which of the following invalidates a fast during Ramadan?

Explanation

– Deliberately eating or drinking during the fasting hours of Ramadan invalidates the fast, as intentional consumption breaks the required abstention central to Sawm.
– Unintentional acts, such as forgetfully eating, are generally not considered to break the fast according to majority scholarly opinion.
– For exams, remember that missed fasts due to valid excuses like illness or travel must be made up (Qada) at a later date.