What is the term for the concept of striving or exerting effort in the way of Allah, encompassing both spiritual and, in specific contexts, physical struggle?

Explanation

– Jihad refers broadly to striving or exerting effort in the way of Allah, encompassing internal spiritual struggle against one’s own base desires as well as, in specific defined contexts, physical struggle.
– Islamic scholarship generally distinguishes between the greater Jihad, referring to inner spiritual struggle, and the lesser Jihad, referring to physical struggle under strictly defined conditions.
– For exams, remember that Jihad is not synonymous with unrestricted warfare, and its application is governed by specific ethical and legal conditions within Islamic law.