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What is the key difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?
AType 1 only affects older adults, while Type 2 only affects children
BType 2 diabetes always requires insulin injections, while Type 1 never does
CType 1 involves the body producing little to no insulin, while Type 2 typically involves the body's cells becoming resistant to insulin
DType 1 and Type 2 diabetes are simply different names for the exact same condition
What is the main functional difference between arteries and veins in the circulatory system?
AArteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins carry blood toward the heart
BOnly arteries contain valves
CVeins carry blood away from the heart, while arteries carry blood toward the heart
DArteries and veins carry out exactly the same function
Which class of nutrients serves as the body’s primary and most readily available source of energy?
AVitamins
BWater
CCarbohydrates
DMinerals
What is the name of the largest artery in the human body, which carries oxygenated blood directly from the heart?
APulmonary artery
BCoronary artery
CAorta
DVena cava
Which class of nutrients is primarily needed by the body for the growth and repair of tissues, such as muscles?
AVitamins
BProteins
CCarbohydrates
DFiber
What is the primary function of the tiny blood vessels called capillaries?
AProducing new red blood cells
BPumping blood at high pressure
CAllowing the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between blood and body tissues
DStoring large reserves of blood
Besides providing a concentrated source of stored energy, what other important function do dietary fats serve in the body?
AProviding insulation and protecting internal organs
BProducing red blood cells
CRegulating heart rhythm directly
DDirectly transmitting nerve signals
What is a primary function of the human lymphatic system?
ADraining excess fluid from tissues and supporting immune defense
BRegulating heart rate
CPumping oxygenated blood to the lungs
DProducing digestive enzymes
Approximately what percentage of the average adult human body’s weight is made up of water?
AAbout 60 percent
BAbout 90 percent
CAbout 10 percent
DAbout 30 percent
What are the specialized proteins called that the immune system produces to specifically target and neutralize particular pathogens?
ANeurotransmitters
BEnzymes
CHormones
DAntibodies