Islamic Beliefs (Aqeedah) MCQs With Answers
Aqeedah is the foundation on which every other part of Islamic Studies rests. This page of Islamic beliefs MCQs covers Tauheed and its kinds, Shirk, Kufr and Nifaq, Risalat and the finality of Prophethood, Akhirah, Barzakh, the Day of Judgment, Mizan, Pul Sirat, Hauz-e-Kausar, Shafa'ah, Jannah and Jahannam, Taqdeer, the six Kalimas, Iman-e-Mujmal and Iman-e-Mufassal, the pillars of Islam, Jinn and Iblis, and the meanings of Asma-ul-Husna such as Ar-Rahman, Al-Malik and Al-Aleem. It is ideal for the basic Islamiat section of PPSC, FPSC, NTS and CSS papers.
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Islam has five pillars: Shahadah (declaration of faith), Salah (prayer), Zakat (obligatory charity), Sawm (fasting in Ramadan) and Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah for those who are able).
What is the declaration of faith in Islam called?
The Shahada is the testimony that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad (PBUH) is His messenger. Reciting it sincerely is the first pillar of Islam.
What is the first Kalima, the declaration of faith, called?
Kalima Tayyibah is the basic declaration: "There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah."
What is the Arabic term for belief in the Prophets and Messengers sent by Allah?
"Risalat" is the belief that Allah sent Prophets and Messengers throughout history to guide humanity, culminating in Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as the final Messenger.
What is the belief in Allah’s absolute oneness called?
"Tauheed" is the foundational Islamic concept affirming that Allah is one, without partners or equals.
What is the term for associating partners with Allah, considered the gravest sin in Islam?
"Shirk" refers to attributing divinity or divine attributes to anything other than Allah, and the Quran describes it as an unforgivable sin if unrepented.
What is belief in the Day of Judgment called in Arabic?
"Akhirah" refers to belief in the afterlife, including resurrection, accountability, and the Day of Judgment.
What Arabic term refers to belief in divine predestination/decree?
"Qadr" is the belief that Allah has full knowledge of and authority over all that happens, while human beings still bear responsibility for their choices.
From what material does the Quran say Jinn were created?
The Quran states that Jinn were created from a "smokeless fire," distinguishing them from angels (created from light) and humans (created from clay).
According to Islamic belief, do Jinn have free will and moral accountability like humans?
Islamic teaching holds that, like humans, Jinn possess free will and are morally accountable, capable of belief, disbelief, and following or rejecting guidance.
What is the name commonly given to Satan, the disobedient Jinn who refused to bow to Adam?
Iblis is named in the Quran as the being who refused Allah's command to prostrate before Adam out of arrogance, becoming the adversary of humankind.
How many “Beautiful Names” (Asma-ul-Husna) of Allah are traditionally counted, based on a well-known hadith?
A well-known hadith mentions that Allah has 99 names, and that whoever preserves (memorizes and reflects upon) them will enter Paradise.
Which of Allah’s names means “The Most Merciful” and is used at the start of nearly every Surah?
"Ar-Rahman" (the Most Merciful/Gracious) reflects Allah's all-encompassing mercy toward all of creation.
Which of Allah’s names means “The King” or “The Sovereign”?
"Al-Malik" refers to Allah's absolute sovereignty and ownership over all creation.
Which of Allah’s names means “The All-Knowing”?
"Al-Aleem" describes Allah's complete and perfect knowledge of all things, seen and unseen.
What is the Islamic term for a person who outwardly claims to be Muslim but conceals disbelief, mentioned in the Quran?
"Munafiq" (hypocrite) describes someone who professes faith outwardly while secretly disbelieving, a group specifically warned about in the Quran, notably in Surah Al-Munafiqun.
What is the Islamic term for the concept of a final, decisive Day of Judgment and accountability?
"Yawm-ul-Qiyamah" (the Day of Resurrection/Judgment) refers to the day all humanity will be resurrected and held accountable for their deeds.
What is the bridge over Hell that, according to Islamic belief, all people must cross on the Day of Judgment called?
"As-Sirat" is described in Islamic tradition as a bridge over Hell that the righteous will cross safely, while others will fall.
What is the scale used to weigh a person’s deeds on the Day of Judgment called?
"Al-Mizan" (the Scale) refers to the weighing of deeds described in Islamic eschatology, determining the balance of one's good and bad actions.
What is the pool from which the Prophet (PBUH) will give water to his followers on the Day of Judgment called?
"Al-Hawd" is described in hadith as a pool from which the Prophet (PBUH) will give his followers water on the Day of Judgment, quenching their thirst before entering Paradise.
What is the intermediate barrier or realm between death and resurrection called in Islamic belief?
"Barzakh" refers to the state or realm the soul enters after death, before the Day of Judgment and resurrection.
What is the general Arabic term for Paradise/Heaven in Islamic belief?
"Jannah" refers to Paradise, described in the Quran as a place of eternal reward for the righteous, containing gardens, rivers, and everlasting bliss.
What is the general Arabic term for Hell in Islamic belief?
"Jahannam" refers to Hell, described in the Quran as the place of punishment for those who reject faith and persist in wrongdoing.
What is the concept of an intercession, such as the Prophet’s (PBUH) intercession for believers on Judgment Day, called?
"Shafa'ah" (intercession) refers to the hope, described in hadith, that the Prophet (PBUH) will intercede on behalf of believers before Allah on the Day of Judgment.
What is the Arabic term for the concept of Allah’s singular, undivided lordship over all creation?
Islamic theology divides Tauheed (monotheism) into categories, including "Tauheed ar-Rububiyyah," affirming that Allah alone is the Creator and Sustainer of all things.
What is the Arabic term for the concept that only Allah deserves to be worshipped?
"Tauheed al-Uluhiyyah" affirms that worship in all its forms must be directed to Allah alone, forming the practical core of Islamic monotheism.
What is the name of the second Kalima, the formal testimony of faith recited in specific wording?
Kalima Shahadat is the formal declaration of faith, affirming belief in Allah's oneness and Muhammad's (PBUH) prophethood in a specific traditional wording distinct from the first Kalima.
What is the name of the third Kalima, focused on glorifying and praising Allah?
Kalima Tamjeed consists of phrases glorifying Allah's greatness, holiness, and freedom from any imperfection.
What is the name of the fourth Kalima, centered on affirming Allah’s absolute oneness?
- Kalima Tauheed is the fourth Kalima, and it affirms that Allah alone holds all sovereignty with no partner.
- Tauheed is the Arabic term for the oneness of Allah, which is the central belief of Islam.
- Option A Kalima Tamjeed is the third Kalima and is a declaration of glorification and praise.
- Option C Kalima Astaghfar seeks forgiveness, while option D Kalima Radde-Kufr rejects disbelief.
- Tauheed is often studied in three parts: oneness in Allah's lordship, in His worship, and in His names and attributes.
What is the name of the fifth Kalima, which is a prayer seeking Allah’s forgiveness?
- Kalima Astaghfar is the fifth Kalima, and it is a supplication asking Allah for forgiveness.
- Its name comes from Istighfar, the Arabic word for seeking pardon.
- It asks pardon for sins committed both knowingly and unknowingly, which is why it is recited so widely.
- Option B Kalima Tauheed is the fourth Kalima and deals with the oneness of Allah, not with forgiveness.
- The six Kalimas in order are Tayyaba, Shahadat, Tamjeed, Tauheed, Astaghfar and Radde-Kufr.
What is the name of the sixth Kalima, in which a Muslim renounces disbelief and rejects associating partners with Allah?
Kalima Radde-Kufr is a declaration explicitly rejecting disbelief, polytheism, and anything contrary to the oneness of Allah.
What Islamic term refers to hypocrisy, particularly outwardly displaying faith while inwardly disbelieving?
"Nifaq" (hypocrisy) describes concealing disbelief or insincerity behind an outward appearance of faith, a trait specifically warned against in the Quran.
What shared core beliefs do both Sunni and Shia Muslims generally affirm, despite their historical differences?
- Both Sunni and Shia Muslims generally affirm the Five Pillars of Islam and belief in the Quran as the final revealed scripture, reflecting their shared fundamental Islamic identity despite historical differences.
- This shared foundation includes belief in the Oneness of Allah, the finality of Muhammad's (PBUH) prophethood, and the core obligations of Salah, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj.
- For exams, remember that understanding these significant shared fundamentals, alongside acknowledging genuine historical and jurisprudential differences, provides a more complete and balanced understanding of Islamic religious diversity.
What is the term for the great trumpet blast that will signal the beginning of the resurrection and the Day of Judgment?
- Nafkh as-Sur refers to the great trumpet blast, blown by the Angel Israfil, that will signal both the end of the world and the subsequent resurrection of all beings for the Day of Judgment.
- This event is described as occurring in two distinct stages, with the first blast causing widespread destruction, followed by a second blast initiating the resurrection of all creation.
- For exams, remember that this trumpet blast represents a pivotal transitional event within the broader sequence of major signs marking the arrival of the Day of Judgment.
What is the term for the eternal abode of reward for righteous believers in the Hereafter?
- Jannah refers to the eternal abode of reward for righteous believers in the Hereafter, described throughout the Quran in vivid detail as a place of immense peace, beauty, and everlasting bliss.
- Various Hadiths describe multiple distinct levels within Jannah, with the highest level, Firdaus, described as being particularly close in proximity to Allah's throne.
- For exams, remember that this concept is directly contrasted with Jahannam, the eternal abode of punishment for those who reject faith or persist unrepentantly in serious wrongdoing.
What is the term sometimes used within Islamic theological discussion for a proposed intermediate barrier or state between Paradise and Hellfire?
- Araf refers to a concept sometimes discussed within Islamic theological scholarship, describing a proposed intermediate barrier or state between Paradise and Hellfire, mentioned in Surah Al-Araf.
- Scholarly interpretations of this concept vary somewhat, with different perspectives offered regarding its precise nature and the specific circumstances of those potentially associated with it.
- For exams, note that this concept is distinct from Barzakh, which more specifically refers to the intermediate state occurring between death and the eventual resurrection.
According to Islamic belief, will the resurrection on the Day of Judgment involve both the soul and the physical body?
- According to Islamic belief, the resurrection on the Day of Judgment will involve both the soul and the physical body, with individuals raised in a complete, restored form before Allah for their final judgment.
- This comprehensive belief in bodily resurrection reflects a core component of Islamic theology regarding the Hereafter, distinguishing it from purely spiritual concepts of the afterlife found in some other traditions.
- For exams, remember that the Quran addresses skepticism regarding this resurrection in various verses, affirming Allah's complete power to restore life in this comprehensive manner.
What is the Islamic term for disbelief or rejection of the core tenets of the Islamic faith?
- Kufr refers to disbelief or the rejection of the core tenets of the Islamic faith, encompassing a range of meanings from outright denial to willful concealment of recognized truth.
- This term's linguistic root relates to the concept of covering or concealing, reflecting the idea of covering over or rejecting clear truth that has been presented.
- For exams, note that Islamic scholarship generally distinguishes between various categories and degrees of Kufr, with significant theological implications for each.
What is the Islamic term for an unwarranted religious innovation, introducing new practices not established within authentic Islamic tradition?
- Bid'ah refers to unwarranted religious innovation, describing the introduction of new practices into Islamic religious worship or belief that are not established within authentic Islamic tradition from the Quran and Sunnah.
- Islamic scholarship generally distinguishes between different categories of innovation, with religious innovations affecting core worship practices viewed with particular concern.
- For exams, note that this concept specifically pertains to matters of religious worship and belief, distinct from permissible innovations in worldly or technological matters.
What is the Islamic term for open disobedience or wickedness, describing a Muslim who commits major sins while still retaining faith?
- Fisq refers to open disobedience or wickedness, describing a believing Muslim who commits significant sins while still fundamentally retaining their basic faith in Islam.
- This concept is distinct from Kufr, as it does not involve a rejection of core Islamic beliefs but rather a failure to consistently live according to Islamic moral and legal requirements.
- For exams, remember that Islamic theology generally maintains that committing major sins, while serious, does not automatically remove a person from the fold of Islam, distinguishing this from outright disbelief.
What is the Islamic theological term for the concept of the unseen realm, encompassing matters beyond direct human perception?
- Ghayb refers to the concept of the unseen realm within Islamic theology, encompassing matters beyond direct human perception, such as angels, the nature of the soul, and events of the Hereafter.
- Belief in this unseen realm is described in the Quran, Surah Al-Baqarah, as a defining characteristic of the righteous, reflecting genuine faith beyond what can be directly observed.
- For exams, note that this concept does not imply irrational belief but rather trust in matters revealed through authentic divine revelation, beyond the limits of direct human sensory experience.
What is the Islamic theological term for the specific branch of scholarship dealing with matters of Islamic creed and belief?
- Aqeedah refers to the specific branch of Islamic scholarship dealing with matters of core creed and belief, addressing foundational theological questions regarding Allah, the Prophets, and the Hereafter.
- This field is distinct from Fiqh, which addresses practical matters of Islamic law and worship, though both fields are considered essential components of comprehensive Islamic scholarship.
- For exams, remember that various schools of theological thought developed historically within Islamic scholarship, addressing certain complex questions within this field of Aqeedah.
What is the term for the scholarly discipline within Islamic theology addressing rational, philosophical defense and articulation of Islamic beliefs?
- Kalam refers to the scholarly discipline within Islamic theology addressing rational and philosophical defense and articulation of Islamic beliefs, particularly in response to various philosophical and theological challenges.
- This field developed significantly during the early centuries of Islamic scholarship, engaging with complex questions arising from contact with various other philosophical and religious traditions.
- For exams, note that various schools of thought developed within this broader field of Kalam, each adopting somewhat different methodological approaches to these theological questions.
Which name of Allah means ‘The Creator’ and reflects His role in bringing all things into existence?
- Al-Khaliq, meaning 'The Creator,' reflects Allah's role in originating and bringing all things in the universe into existence out of nothing.
- This name is often mentioned alongside Al-Bari (The Evolver) and Al-Musawwir (The Fashioner), together describing distinct stages of the creative process.
- For exams, remember that these three names, when grouped together, are commonly cited as reflecting the complete process of creation, from conception to final form.
Which name of Allah means ‘The Provider’ or ‘The Sustainer,’ reflecting His role in supplying sustenance to all creation?
- Ar-Razzaq, meaning 'The Provider' or 'The Sustainer,' reflects Allah's continuous role in supplying sustenance and provisions to every living creature.
- This attribute encompasses both physical provisions, such as food and resources, and spiritual sustenance, such as guidance and inner peace.
- For exams, note that this name reassures believers that their sustenance is ultimately decreed and provided by Allah, encouraging trust (Tawakkul) rather than excessive worry.
Which name of Allah means ‘The Forgiving’ and reflects His willingness to pardon the sins of those who repent?
- Al-Ghaffar, meaning 'The Forgiving,' or more specifically 'The Repeatedly Forgiving,' reflects Allah's willingness to continuously pardon the sins of those who sincerely repent.
- This name emphasizes that Allah's mercy and forgiveness are available regardless of how frequently a person may fall into sin, provided their repentance is sincere.
- For exams, remember that Al-Ghafur, a closely related name, similarly emphasizes forgiveness, with subtle linguistic distinctions in emphasis and intensity.
Which name of Allah means ‘The Just’ and reflects His perfect fairness in all judgments and dealings?
- Al-Adl, meaning 'The Just,' reflects Allah's perfect fairness and justice in all His judgments, decrees, and dealings with His creation.
- This attribute assures believers that no injustice will ultimately prevail, and that every matter, including on the Day of Judgment, will be resolved with complete fairness.
- For exams, note that Al-Hakam, meaning 'The Judge,' is a closely related name emphasizing Allah's role as the ultimate arbiter in all disputes and matters.
Which name of Allah means ‘The Ever-Living’ and reflects His eternal existence without beginning or end?
- Al-Hayy, meaning 'The Ever-Living,' reflects Allah's eternal existence, being alive without beginning or end, unlike all of His creation which is temporary.
- This name is frequently paired with Al-Qayyum, meaning 'The Self-Sustaining,' together forming a powerful description of Allah's independent, eternal nature found in Ayat-ul-Kursi.
- For exams, remember that Al-Hayy and Al-Qayyum together are considered among the greatest names, central to the well-known verse Ayat-ul-Kursi in Surah Al-Baqarah.
Which name of Allah means ‘The Loving’ and reflects His deep affection and care for His righteous servants?
- Al-Wadud, meaning 'The Loving,' reflects Allah's deep affection and genuine care toward His righteous servants, beyond mere mercy or forgiveness.
- This name reveals a personal, relational dimension of Allah's attributes, emphasizing that He does not merely tolerate His servants but sincerely loves those who draw near to Him.
- For exams, note that this name appears in the Quran, Surah Hud and Surah Al-Buruj, associated with descriptions of Allah's greatness and mercy.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four major revealed books mentioned in Islamic belief?
- The four major revealed books recognized in Islamic belief are the Tawrat (given to Musa), Zabur (given to Dawud), Injeel (given to Isa), and the Quran (given to Muhammad, PBUH).
- The Talmud is a body of Jewish rabbinical teachings and is not among the divinely revealed scriptures acknowledged in Islamic theology.
- For exams, note that the Quran is considered the final and complete revelation, superseding the previous scriptures.
Which declaration gives a concise summary of Iman and is taught alongside the six Kalimas?
Iman-e-Mujmal ('faith in brief') is a short declaration of belief in Allah as He is, with all His names and attributes, and acceptance of all His commands. It is taught together with Iman-e-Mufassal ('faith in detail'), which lists the articles of faith.
Neither is one of the six Kalimas: Tayyibah, Shahadat, Tamjeed, Tauheed, Istighfar and Radd-e-Kufr.
What is the total number of fundamental pillars (Arkan) of Islam?
Islam is built upon 5 fundamental pillars (Arkan-e-Islam) as stated in the famous Hadith of Jibreel: 1) Shahada (Faith), 2) Salah (Prayer), 3) Zakat (Almsgiving), 4) Sawm (Fasting in Ramadan), and 5) Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca for those able). Note: Do not confuse the 5 Pillars of Islam with the 6 Articles of Faith (Iman-e-Mufassal).