In a Buck converter (step-down DC-DC chopper), the average output voltage V_o in terms of input voltage V_s and duty cycle D is:
AV_o = D * V_s
BV_o = V_s / (1 - D)
CV_o = V_s / D
DV_o = D * V_s / (1 - D)
Explanation
For a Buck converter, average output voltage is directly proportional to duty cycle: V_o = D * V_s, where 0 <= D <= 1.

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