Which dynasty succeeded the Umayyad Caliphate, relocating the capital to Baghdad and overseeing a significant period of intellectual flourishing?

Explanation

– The Abbasid Dynasty succeeded the Umayyad Caliphate, relocating the capital to Baghdad and overseeing a significant period of intellectual, scientific, and cultural flourishing often referred to as the Islamic Golden Age.
– This dynasty, descended from the Prophet’s uncle Abbas (RA), governed for several centuries, though its direct political authority gradually diminished over time in various regions.
– For exams, note that the transition from Umayyad to Abbasid rule involved significant political upheaval, occurring in the mid-8th century CE.