Who was the Umayyad Caliph during whose rule the tragic Battle of Karbala took place?

Explanation

– Yazid ibn Muawiyah was the Umayyad Caliph during whose rule the tragic Battle of Karbala took place, following a significant political dispute regarding his succession to the caliphate.
– This event occurred amid broader tensions regarding the nature of Muslim leadership following the transition from the earlier system of the Khulafa-e-Rashideen to hereditary Umayyad rule.
– For exams, remember that this event remains a significant point of historical reflection within Islamic scholarship regarding matters of justice and leadership.